Zone of occupation
Oleksii Zarubin was serving a prison sentence at a prison in the southern Ukrainian city of Kherson when the Russian invasion began. He learnt about the war early on the morning of 24 February last year when his worried friends and family attempted to call him. By 3 March, Russian forces were marching into the city.
“I felt very down, of course. It was total despair. Something’s happening around you, there are explosions, and you are behind barbed wire and can’t do anything,” Zarubin says.
His home town of Mykolaiv was constantly targeted by shelling during the beginning of the war, and every time Zarubin saw missiles flying overhead in that direction, he would quickly message his mother to tell her to take cover.
After the Russian military’s arrival in the city, the prison guards were presented with an ultimatum: either sign a contract with the “new authorities” or resign. Surprisingly, the guard shift known to prisoners to be the strictest towards them also ended up being the most principled, with every member stepping down rather than betraying their own country.
Zarubin says that many of the guards that stayed on hadn’t necessarily been motivated by love for Russia – those who lived in the Mykolaiv region simply had no other choice, as they could no longer travel home for fear of being arrested when attempting to cross into Ukrainian-controlled territory.
“So, we, us and them, were waiting for the Ukrainian army. These wardens never bothered us, unlike those who were happy that the Russians had arrived.”
The prison warden was, however, very willing to collaborate with the occupiers, according to Zarubin. “He appeared to have been their agent before the war, it was as if he was just waiting for the Russians to arrive,” he adds.
The prisoners’ waiting for the return of Ukrainian forces turned out not to have been in vain and Kherson was duly recaptured by the Ukrainian Armed Forces in late October last year. On the night before the city fell, Zarubin recalls the Russians seeming nervous as they hurriedly packed everything up. The prisoners hoped that they’d simply be abandoned in the prison when the Russians fled, but instead they found themselves being transferred to the right bank of the Dnipro river.